What does "aircraft separation" refer to in air traffic control?

"Aircraft separation" specifically refers to the practice of maintaining a safe distance between aircraft to prevent mid-air collisions and ensure safe operations in controlled airspace. This distance can be measured in terms of vertical separation (altitude differences) or horizontal separation (distance between aircraft on the same altitude). Air traffic controllers use various methods, including radar, to monitor and ensure that aircraft are adequately separated during all phases of flight, including ascent, descent, and cruising.

Maintaining proper separation is crucial for the safety of air travel and involves adherence to specific regulations and guidelines set by aviation authorities. Effective aircraft separation minimizes the risk of incidents and enhances the overall safety of the airspace system.